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see what else can i show oh remember i

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wanted to show you a live view from

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space

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um let's see if i got any astronauts

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well there we go

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all right here i think it's dan burbank

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the commander yep he's doing some

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maintenance inside the international

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space station and you're looking at a

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live view um inside the space station

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now i'm going to be um

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turning it over to mission control here

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very shortly in about 30 seconds so i'm

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going to go ahead and leave it on a shot

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like this and i'm not going to say

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anything and the next voice you should

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hear is either josh byerly

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from the public affairs office in

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mission control and then you'll hear

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dottie metcalf lindberger our nasa

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astronaut who's our special guest inside

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mission control so stand by for mission

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hi everybody this is mission control

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houston we want to welcome you guys

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there at the heritage middle school in

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idaho i'm joined by dottie metcalf

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lindenberger who is an astronaut i'm

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josh byerly here and uh dottie is

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willing to take your questions she'll

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probably take all the hard ones i'll

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so i think we're ready to go

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our first question

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okay are you guys there we're ready to

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take your questions here inside mission

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control so if you're ready to go ahead

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go ahead and step up and ask whatever

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good morning

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awesome

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are there any uh stressful situations

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that you see in the release that are

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like life or death situations

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are there any stressful or life or death

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situations well we do have emergencies

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arrive arise while we are doing space

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flight

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but

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as you can see probably

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earlier you were looking at mission

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control and that's where we're sitting

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we've got a whole team of people here on

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earth as well as the whole crew that can

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work through emergencies together so if

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there were a fire or a depressurization

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or any of the ammonia leak we have

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procedures that we would run and we

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practice these here on earth just like

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you guys probably practice fire drills

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maybe even some earthquake drills there

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in the northwest

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so we practice those things

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anytime a medical situation could arise

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and we have crew members who are trained

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as the medical officers unless they're

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already a doctor and then they're

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completely certified so

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we do have ways of dealing with

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emergencies that can arrive a rise on

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the next

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question what would you say would be

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nasa's greatest accomplishment

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what would i say that is nasa's greatest

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accomplishment

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well i think putting humans in space is

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quite an amazing

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accomplishment so i'm i'm very glad that

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we pursued that um back in the 50s and

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60s when we finally were launching folks

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into space but i'd also say we've done a

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lot of amazing things in exploration um

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that is also non-human space flight so

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but putting a human in space is is quite

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a feat because of all the things we as

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humans need

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besides you know just food and water i

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mean thinking about how we have to

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provide

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air that's clean

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and fresh and then scrub the carbon

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dioxide from it and how we need to take

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care of

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our bodily needs besides just eating

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that we need to have bathrooms and

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things like that so all those things

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needed to be designed and taken care of

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for space flight and i'm i'm really

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impressed how we have

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we had we first did that and we have

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continued to evolve it through time and

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how it's it's really working great on

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the space station now

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all right next question

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oh yes

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when you were on the international space

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station

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what did you do with the free time you

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may have had

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that's a great question um there's not a

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lot of free time in space but when you

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have it there are two favorite things

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that i did and one was look out the

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window and i actually looked down on

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idaho when i was up there because

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i taught not far away from idaho i

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taught in vancouver washington and so

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i'm very familiar with the pacific

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northwest i love the volcanoes and i've

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climbed a couple of them and so i would

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look out the window down at the united

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states and then places i've never been

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in the world

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never been south of the equator and so

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it was amazing to look at south america

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australia africa all these places that i

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really want to travel to someday

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and there's just also looking at space

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the moon stars

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planets i enjoyed looking at the moon

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because it was in a crescent phase while

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i was there so it just it looks really

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neat against the dark sky it's really

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beautiful

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my other favorite pastime of course is

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floating and doing pretty cool tricks

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flipping around in space you know dottie

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talked about them not having a whole lot

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of free time a lot of things that some

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people don't really understand is back

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whenever they used to fly the shuttle

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and station missions together these

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crews were actually scheduled in five

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minute increments so they would be

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handed a schedule every day that had

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five-minute chops of time that they had

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to basically stick with throughout the

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entire day so they it kind of gives you

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a sense of exactly what they were doing

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all right um

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how often does the surgeon have to help

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the astronauts

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in extreme situations

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how often do we have to help with

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extreme situations not very often

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we've had a couple of things in the last

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few years come up of sometimes we have

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to do debris avoidance maneuvers because

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they're space junk and so we are

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tracking this junk here on earth and

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then we have to um maybe move the space

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station or sometimes we just are aware

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of the junk and we don't have to move

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but crews might have to shelter for a

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while

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um other we did have a pump module go

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down uh almost

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two august ago yeah almost two years ago

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in august and that um was

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is very important because it helps cool

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our space station it keeps all of the

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equipment cooled and it moves all this

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fluids around so it keeps things cooled

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so um

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that was an emergency but it wasn't such

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an emergency that we had to like go out

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the door immediately and do this

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spacewalk we had time to plan it here on

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earth make really good decisions and

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then go do the spacewalks and repair it

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and we worked as a team and repaired it

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and now the space station's back

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functioning

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100 so it's just amazing what we can do

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um but yeah sometimes emergencies come

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up but like i said we have a good way of

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handling them they train a lot

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absolutely we the crew train but also

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the ground team trains they do they do

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simulations all the time here i mean we

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the the flight controllers here there's

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there's probably 20 people in this room

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they all have different jobs but they

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practice

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pretty much worst case scenarios a lot

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of times with you know what what's kind

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of the worst bad day you can have and

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how they react to that so so whenever it

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comes time for the actual flight it's

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it's a little bit actually

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when when you found out that you were

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going to be up in the space station what

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kind of preparations did you have what

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did they be like mentally

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oh great question well um training first

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for the flight that i went on which was

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a shuttle flight going to space station

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you find out about a year a year and a

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half out and so that's the mental

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preparation is you start actually

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training as a team and there were seven

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of us on this team and and we were going

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to classes and you start out you have

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your assignments so i was like the

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flight engineer and i was the inside

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coordinator of the spacewalks and so you

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have your job and then you start

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learning it and then and then you start

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doing these simulations like i talked

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about then they start throwing in

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failures and pretty soon you're you're

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really working as a smooth team so

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that was again about a year and a half

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out

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and uh and then physically i mean we are

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always training

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we work out here on earth a couple of

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times a week as astronauts we have a gym

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we weight lift we do a lot of things to

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just prepare that way and we also for

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the people that are going to go do a

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spacewalk they're in the neutral

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buoyancy lab for

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about six hours at a time and they do

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that multiple times for each spacewalk

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so we might practice a spacewalk four to

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seven times before we go do that um

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and now with the international space

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station crews are preparing and starting

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training two and a half years before

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they fly so um that's quite a commitment

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and of course it's not just the

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astronaut it's the whole family that is

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um it's kind of in training and so

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there's travel and all these things that

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are involved but uh

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you're just really open with your family

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and you discuss what you'll do

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when things come up and how to deal with

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that so that's how we prepare mentally

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um

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how does nasa hook that spacecraft to

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the space station for boarding

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how do you hook up spacecraft to the

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space station for boarding

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oh okay that's i didn't quite hear it

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thanks

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great question we have different docking

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compartments and we also have different

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vehicles that come to the space station

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so for humans coming to the space

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station they're coming on a soyuz right

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now and there are specific docking

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compartments for the soyuz that are at

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the back of the station in the russian

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module and

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then you have hatches that you go

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through and there's all these

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pressurizations before you open hatches

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and and this so that's how we get humans

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into space right now

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when we had the shuttle we also had

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another docking compartment and it

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worked a little bit differently for such

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a big vehicle and it was out in the

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front of the space station

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currently we have the

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atv the european cargo vehicle that

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stocked a space station and that came up

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robotically and so

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it just stalks

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without the need of humans although

280
00:10:51,430 --> 00:10:50,240
humans know how they could intervene if

281
00:10:52,949 --> 00:10:51,440
they need to

282
00:10:55,790 --> 00:10:52,959
and then we're going to be having the

283
00:10:58,829 --> 00:10:55,800
summer a visiting vehicle called

284
00:11:00,389 --> 00:10:58,839
htv3 and that's from the

285
00:11:02,949 --> 00:11:00,399
japanese

286
00:11:05,030 --> 00:11:02,959
space agency and that will dock to the

287
00:11:07,590 --> 00:11:05,040
front of station and that uses a robotic

288
00:11:08,310 --> 00:11:07,600
arm and so crew member actually

289
00:11:11,269 --> 00:11:08,320
is

290
00:11:13,910 --> 00:11:11,279
needed the last few meters to take the

291
00:11:16,150 --> 00:11:13,920
robotic arm and grapple the htv3 and

292
00:11:18,310 --> 00:11:16,160
then birth it to the space station so

293
00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:18,320
lots of different ways that people and

294
00:11:21,590 --> 00:11:20,000
cargo come to space station and if you

295
00:11:22,710 --> 00:11:21,600
ever watch it on tv and you see you know

296
00:11:23,750 --> 00:11:22,720
back where we had shuttle and it would

297
00:11:26,790 --> 00:11:23,760
talk about the station or any of the

298
00:11:27,910 --> 00:11:26,800
russian stuff it looks so slow on tv and

299
00:11:29,750 --> 00:11:27,920
you forget that they're going more than

300
00:11:31,430 --> 00:11:29,760
17 000 miles an hour both of those

301
00:11:33,030 --> 00:11:31,440
spacecrafts and they each weigh

302
00:11:34,150 --> 00:11:33,040
hundreds of thousands of pounds so it's

303
00:11:35,990 --> 00:11:34,160
a little bit misleading when you see it

304
00:11:37,030 --> 00:11:36,000
on tv it looks so slow and cautious and

305
00:11:38,630 --> 00:11:37,040
it's really

306
00:11:54,069 --> 00:11:38,640
going pretty fast right so it's

307
00:11:59,590 --> 00:11:56,550
um what is the most stressful part about

308
00:12:01,670 --> 00:11:59,600
a space shuttle flight

309
00:12:02,949 --> 00:12:01,680
wow the most stressful part well you

310
00:12:05,750 --> 00:12:02,959
know the great thing about all the

311
00:12:08,230 --> 00:12:05,760
training was that you feel very prepared

312
00:12:09,430 --> 00:12:08,240
but i will say that i was definitely

313
00:12:11,269 --> 00:12:09,440
excited maybe had a little bit of

314
00:12:14,629 --> 00:12:11,279
butterflies when i went out to the pad

315
00:12:16,629 --> 00:12:14,639
on that day to launch because you've got

316
00:12:18,790 --> 00:12:16,639
so much propellant and you've got two

317
00:12:20,710 --> 00:12:18,800
solid rocket boosters that you know

318
00:12:22,870 --> 00:12:20,720
um and you know how you get to space all

319
00:12:24,550 --> 00:12:22,880
this thrust and energy so you want that

320
00:12:26,949 --> 00:12:24,560
energy to be going the right direction

321
00:12:28,710 --> 00:12:26,959
so um and that you don't have control of

322
00:12:30,949 --> 00:12:28,720
that has been designed by really

323
00:12:33,269 --> 00:12:30,959
talented engineers and that's you just

324
00:12:34,949 --> 00:12:33,279
have trust and you know that we have

325
00:12:35,910 --> 00:12:34,959
done this many times and you've seen it

326
00:12:37,990 --> 00:12:35,920
and so

327
00:12:40,069 --> 00:12:38,000
i was really excited but i think that

328
00:12:42,470 --> 00:12:40,079
was the first time i felt a bit nervous

329
00:12:44,230 --> 00:12:42,480
before getting um into the spaceship

330
00:12:45,910 --> 00:12:44,240
and then um

331
00:12:47,350 --> 00:12:45,920
not a not a lot of stress in space

332
00:12:49,430 --> 00:12:47,360
because even when things went wrong like

333
00:12:51,750 --> 00:12:49,440
we had things go wrong on our spacewalks

334
00:12:53,990 --> 00:12:51,760
but we had trained for what to do and we

335
00:12:55,829 --> 00:12:54,000
had talked about contingency situations

336
00:12:57,269 --> 00:12:55,839
and we had plans and again like i said

337
00:12:59,670 --> 00:12:57,279
we talked to the ground a lot and they

338
00:13:01,750 --> 00:12:59,680
have really good ideas too so as we do

339
00:13:03,990 --> 00:13:01,760
all this teamwork um

340
00:13:06,150 --> 00:13:04,000
i just felt like we were all very

341
00:13:07,670 --> 00:13:06,160
prepared and very calm and we had good

342
00:13:08,949 --> 00:13:07,680
rationale for why we were doing what we

343
00:13:11,190 --> 00:13:08,959
were doing so

344
00:13:12,710 --> 00:13:11,200
during flight no stressful situations it

345
00:13:13,910 --> 00:13:12,720
was awesome

346
00:13:15,110 --> 00:13:13,920
dottie mentioned something very

347
00:13:16,550 --> 00:13:15,120
interesting that even whenever it's

348
00:13:18,230 --> 00:13:16,560
stressful it's it's pretty calm and it's

349
00:13:19,350 --> 00:13:18,240
it's the same way as somebody who's been

350
00:13:20,389 --> 00:13:19,360
inside mission control and kind of

351
00:13:22,150 --> 00:13:20,399
watched

352
00:13:23,670 --> 00:13:22,160
certain challenges come up during flight

353
00:13:25,190 --> 00:13:23,680
it's not like the movies where you see

354
00:13:27,190 --> 00:13:25,200
you know a lot of chaos and stuff like

355
00:13:28,550 --> 00:13:27,200
that i mean the team is very

356
00:13:29,910 --> 00:13:28,560
focused

357
00:13:31,509 --> 00:13:29,920
they've trained for these kind of things

358
00:13:34,069 --> 00:13:31,519
and even whenever you know certain

359
00:13:35,829 --> 00:13:34,079
semi-major things have happened um it's

360
00:13:37,509 --> 00:13:35,839
just very calm and professional it's not

361
00:13:38,550 --> 00:13:37,519
like what you what you would expect so

362
00:13:42,310 --> 00:13:38,560
right

363
00:13:44,470 --> 00:13:43,350
question

364
00:13:46,870 --> 00:13:44,480
um

365
00:13:50,710 --> 00:13:46,880
how much money is spent at nasa each

366
00:13:53,269 --> 00:13:50,720
year oh money spent uh well we get a

367
00:13:56,069 --> 00:13:53,279
budget from the government and we just

368
00:13:58,710 --> 00:13:56,079
get a portion of that for um human space

369
00:14:00,230 --> 00:13:58,720
flight and for the iss operations so you

370
00:14:01,750 --> 00:14:00,240
can actually go look up the exact

371
00:14:03,670 --> 00:14:01,760
details maybe you want to fill in a

372
00:14:05,110 --> 00:14:03,680
little bit but

373
00:14:06,790 --> 00:14:05,120
so out of the entire federal budget you

374
00:14:08,550 --> 00:14:06,800
know a lot of people have

375
00:14:09,910 --> 00:14:08,560
they think that nasa gets a huge chunk

376
00:14:12,069 --> 00:14:09,920
of money and we do relatively speaking

377
00:14:12,949 --> 00:14:12,079
we get about 17 18 billion dollars a

378
00:14:14,550 --> 00:14:12,959
year

379
00:14:16,629 --> 00:14:14,560
but out of the entire federal budget

380
00:14:19,269 --> 00:14:16,639
that is less than one half of one

381
00:14:20,550 --> 00:14:19,279
percent of all the money so so our share

382
00:14:22,870 --> 00:14:20,560
nasa's share of the entire federal

383
00:14:24,230 --> 00:14:22,880
budget is actually not that big at all

384
00:14:25,430 --> 00:14:24,240
the biggest that it ever was was back

385
00:14:26,870 --> 00:14:25,440
during apollo and that was only about

386
00:14:29,350 --> 00:14:26,880
four percent of the entire federal

387
00:14:32,069 --> 00:14:29,360
budget so it's it's you know it's it's a

388
00:14:33,350 --> 00:14:32,079
relatively small uh chunk of money in

389
00:14:34,790 --> 00:14:33,360
terms of the entire federal government

390
00:14:36,790 --> 00:14:34,800
spending but you get a lot of benefits

391
00:14:38,629 --> 00:14:36,800
out of it in terms of spin-offs and and

392
00:14:40,230 --> 00:14:38,639
and what this agency is able to do yeah

393
00:14:41,990 --> 00:14:40,240
and i think of course one of the big

394
00:14:44,069 --> 00:14:42,000
benefits is that

395
00:14:46,389 --> 00:14:44,079
we learn about how we can go explore

396
00:14:48,310 --> 00:14:46,399
better and and we want to continue human

397
00:14:50,629 --> 00:14:48,320
space flight so we want you guys to be

398
00:14:53,030 --> 00:14:50,639
explorers too just like the people that

399
00:14:54,629 --> 00:14:53,040
came to the northwest when uh when they

400
00:14:55,829 --> 00:14:54,639
were exploring for the early united

401
00:15:02,629 --> 00:14:55,839
states so we want you guys to be

402
00:15:07,590 --> 00:15:04,470
was there anything you didn't like about

403
00:15:09,189 --> 00:15:07,600
race travel that was maybe uncomfortable

404
00:15:10,870 --> 00:15:09,199
something uncomfortable about space

405
00:15:13,269 --> 00:15:10,880
travel well um

406
00:15:15,590 --> 00:15:13,279
the suit is really hot yes and that's

407
00:15:17,350 --> 00:15:15,600
not kidding and it's heavy a bit heavy

408
00:15:18,790 --> 00:15:17,360
um so uh

409
00:15:20,150 --> 00:15:18,800
for all crew members even those that are

410
00:15:22,629 --> 00:15:20,160
launching on soyuz you're going to have

411
00:15:24,710 --> 00:15:22,639
a specific suit that you launch in

412
00:15:26,949 --> 00:15:24,720
and you have to sit for a while you go

413
00:15:29,990 --> 00:15:26,959
out to the vehicle and you get loaded in

414
00:15:31,430 --> 00:15:30,000
and then you sit and you wait and uh in

415
00:15:33,110 --> 00:15:31,440
the soyuz you wait you wait with your

416
00:15:34,230 --> 00:15:33,120
knees scrunched up against you and in

417
00:15:36,629 --> 00:15:34,240
the shuttle you're laying down on your

418
00:15:38,790 --> 00:15:36,639
back too and and so

419
00:15:40,310 --> 00:15:38,800
um to keep us cooled off in the shuttle

420
00:15:42,470 --> 00:15:40,320
we had this long underwear with little

421
00:15:43,990 --> 00:15:42,480
hoses in it that ran cold water through

422
00:15:46,069 --> 00:15:44,000
it and you could keep pretty cool and

423
00:15:47,269 --> 00:15:46,079
there was blowing air circulating air so

424
00:15:49,509 --> 00:15:47,279
that helps you

425
00:15:51,590 --> 00:15:49,519
and thankfully the april morning that we

426
00:15:54,150 --> 00:15:51,600
launched on two years ago was

427
00:15:55,829 --> 00:15:54,160
pretty cool for florida but it could get

428
00:15:57,749 --> 00:15:55,839
really hot there's even mosquitoes

429
00:15:58,790 --> 00:15:57,759
sometimes that get in the vehicle so

430
00:16:00,629 --> 00:15:58,800
that part could all be a little

431
00:16:02,629 --> 00:16:00,639
uncomfortable until you know you finally

432
00:16:04,150 --> 00:16:02,639
launch and then um

433
00:16:06,069 --> 00:16:04,160
returning same thing you have to get

434
00:16:08,069 --> 00:16:06,079
back into that suit and

435
00:16:10,550 --> 00:16:08,079
you know you've been in normal clothes i

436
00:16:11,670 --> 00:16:10,560
mean i wore this shirt in space and

437
00:16:12,870 --> 00:16:11,680
you've been in these normal clothes and

438
00:16:15,990 --> 00:16:12,880
then you have to get back into the suit

439
00:16:17,749 --> 00:16:16,000
and it's not really comfortable um but

440
00:16:19,110 --> 00:16:17,759
you would totally do it for a few

441
00:16:20,470 --> 00:16:19,120
moments of space flight well they have

442
00:16:21,749 --> 00:16:20,480
to drink a lot to talk about fluid

443
00:16:23,030 --> 00:16:21,759
loading you have to they have to drink a

444
00:16:23,990 --> 00:16:23,040
lot of like sport drinks and things like

445
00:16:25,509 --> 00:16:24,000
that they used to have to drink kind of

446
00:16:27,350 --> 00:16:25,519
some like basically chicken soup water

447
00:16:28,949 --> 00:16:27,360
right there's chicken consummate and

448
00:16:30,389 --> 00:16:28,959
then also we did

449
00:16:32,389 --> 00:16:30,399
water and salt tablets that's what i

450
00:16:34,550 --> 00:16:32,399
personally chose to do and

451
00:16:37,509 --> 00:16:34,560
you do that just before you're deciding

452
00:16:38,389 --> 00:16:37,519
to make uh the burn to deorbit and so

453
00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:38,399
this is

454
00:16:42,710 --> 00:16:40,480
maybe an hour two hours before you're

455
00:16:45,350 --> 00:16:42,720
going to be landing you're drinking

456
00:16:48,069 --> 00:16:45,360
lots of bags of water i mean i think i

457
00:16:49,430 --> 00:16:48,079
was trying to drink six eight ounce bags

458
00:16:51,350 --> 00:16:49,440
of water

459
00:16:53,030 --> 00:16:51,360
and and you're still trying to push

460
00:16:54,870 --> 00:16:53,040
buttons and you know follow the normal

461
00:16:57,189 --> 00:16:54,880
checklist while drinking this stuff

462
00:16:58,710 --> 00:16:57,199
um needless to say it is not super

463
00:17:01,350 --> 00:16:58,720
comfortable

464
00:17:04,069 --> 00:17:01,360
to drink all that well and then re-enter

465
00:17:05,270 --> 00:17:04,079
gravity because before all those floors

466
00:17:06,470 --> 00:17:05,280
are kind of floating in your stomach no

467
00:17:07,750 --> 00:17:06,480
big deal but then when you start to

468
00:17:09,270 --> 00:17:07,760
re-enter you start to feel it on your

469
00:17:11,829 --> 00:17:09,280
bladder and that's not super comfortable

470
00:17:14,150 --> 00:17:11,839
either so yeah

471
00:17:15,110 --> 00:17:14,160
who's next

472
00:17:16,829 --> 00:17:15,120
okay

473
00:17:20,630 --> 00:17:16,839
um how do you

474
00:17:23,429 --> 00:17:20,640
shower aha you may not like this answer

475
00:17:25,669 --> 00:17:23,439
you don't really take a shower per se um

476
00:17:27,350 --> 00:17:25,679
it's it's kind of like camping a little

477
00:17:29,669 --> 00:17:27,360
bit cleaner since you're not hanging out

478
00:17:31,190 --> 00:17:29,679
with the dirt but

479
00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:31,200
you use

480
00:17:35,669 --> 00:17:33,520
baby wipes to just kind of wash your

481
00:17:37,909 --> 00:17:35,679
skin off there's also some

482
00:17:40,070 --> 00:17:37,919
wet towels and and soap rinse that you

483
00:17:40,789 --> 00:17:40,080
can get on your skin and clean yourself

484
00:17:42,710 --> 00:17:40,799
with

485
00:17:44,710 --> 00:17:42,720
and there's a no rinse shampoo that you

486
00:17:47,190 --> 00:17:44,720
work through your hair and it becomes

487
00:17:48,070 --> 00:17:47,200
quite messy because if you think about

488
00:17:49,510 --> 00:17:48,080
it

489
00:17:50,950 --> 00:17:49,520
when you wash your hair you know you

490
00:17:53,270 --> 00:17:50,960
have extra hair that falls out or you

491
00:17:54,950 --> 00:17:53,280
have skin that sloughs off and where

492
00:17:56,390 --> 00:17:54,960
does that stuff go in space it goes

493
00:17:58,070 --> 00:17:56,400
floating around you so you have to make

494
00:17:59,190 --> 00:17:58,080
sure you keep your hair like we stick it

495
00:18:01,190 --> 00:17:59,200
to

496
00:18:02,549 --> 00:18:01,200
gray tape and we just kind of accumulate

497
00:18:04,310 --> 00:18:02,559
that way and then put it in the trash so

498
00:18:05,830 --> 00:18:04,320
that's not floating around and

499
00:18:07,990 --> 00:18:05,840
getting in everyone's way especially my

500
00:18:09,750 --> 00:18:08,000
hair that'd be kind of messy so

501
00:18:11,430 --> 00:18:09,760
that's how we keep ourselves clean and

502
00:18:13,510 --> 00:18:11,440
but you can do it daily

503
00:18:15,270 --> 00:18:13,520
or you can do it after your exercise so

504
00:18:17,270 --> 00:18:15,280
you do need to keep yourself clean it's

505
00:18:19,190 --> 00:18:17,280
definitely part of the important hygiene

506
00:18:20,789 --> 00:18:19,200
part in space i mean um you don't want

507
00:18:22,310 --> 00:18:20,799
to be up there six months and not be

508
00:18:24,070 --> 00:18:22,320
keeping yourself clean so who wants to

509
00:18:25,190 --> 00:18:24,080
be an astronaut now

510
00:18:26,630 --> 00:18:25,200
who wants to be around the other

511
00:18:30,230 --> 00:18:26,640
astronauts right

512
00:18:34,230 --> 00:18:32,549
what kind of education is required to go

513
00:18:35,909 --> 00:18:34,240
up into space

514
00:18:37,190 --> 00:18:35,919
say that one more what kind of education

515
00:18:38,950 --> 00:18:37,200
is required to go up in space is that

516
00:18:42,549 --> 00:18:38,960
what you're asking

517
00:18:45,270 --> 00:18:42,559
no okay oh great you have good ears

518
00:18:47,669 --> 00:18:45,280
you need to have a at least a bachelor's

519
00:18:50,150 --> 00:18:47,679
in math engineering or science and then

520
00:18:52,630 --> 00:18:50,160
of course further degrees are definitely

521
00:18:55,110 --> 00:18:52,640
encouraged and an experience in those

522
00:18:57,669 --> 00:18:55,120
degrees so doing research or

523
00:19:00,470 --> 00:18:57,679
teaching etc in those degrees

524
00:19:03,430 --> 00:19:00,480
and so that's why we really hope that

525
00:19:06,470 --> 00:19:03,440
you are studying math science technology

526
00:19:08,070 --> 00:19:06,480
and engineering those good core stem

527
00:19:09,830 --> 00:19:08,080
classes

528
00:19:11,590 --> 00:19:09,840
and also you know this is one thing we

529
00:19:13,270 --> 00:19:11,600
always try to tell students and even

530
00:19:14,870 --> 00:19:13,280
college kids too that if you want to

531
00:19:15,909 --> 00:19:14,880
come work at nasa maybe you're not going

532
00:19:18,070 --> 00:19:15,919
to be an astronaut but if you want to

533
00:19:19,190 --> 00:19:18,080
come work here we hire all kinds of

534
00:19:20,630 --> 00:19:19,200
backgrounds i've got a degree in

535
00:19:22,310 --> 00:19:20,640
communications and there's other people

536
00:19:24,310 --> 00:19:22,320
in our office that have

537
00:19:25,510 --> 00:19:24,320
journalism degrees and marketing degrees

538
00:19:27,990 --> 00:19:25,520
and we've got people that have human

539
00:19:29,750 --> 00:19:28,000
resources degrees we've got budget

540
00:19:31,190 --> 00:19:29,760
people i mean there's all kinds so if

541
00:19:32,710 --> 00:19:31,200
you want to come work at nasa and be

542
00:19:35,270 --> 00:19:32,720
part of this it's one of the coolest

543
00:19:37,029 --> 00:19:35,280
jobs on the planet and you know you can

544
00:19:39,430 --> 00:19:37,039
get there so all through all sorts of

545
00:19:40,789 --> 00:19:39,440
that's right so be passionate about what

546
00:19:42,310 --> 00:19:40,799
you're pursuing

547
00:19:44,230 --> 00:19:42,320
is go for something that you really want

548
00:19:52,789 --> 00:19:44,240
to do and it's funny what doors tend to

549
00:19:56,470 --> 00:19:55,029
you guys got another one

550
00:19:58,630 --> 00:19:56,480
um austin

551
00:20:01,270 --> 00:19:58,640
um when you go up into space is the

552
00:20:03,270 --> 00:20:01,280
pressure really bad on your ears

553
00:20:04,789 --> 00:20:03,280
actually no it's the way that we

554
00:20:07,590 --> 00:20:04,799
designed the

555
00:20:10,310 --> 00:20:07,600
uh the shuttle in our vehicles is so

556
00:20:12,630 --> 00:20:10,320
that you've really have very little

557
00:20:15,190 --> 00:20:12,640
change in pressure you do get a little a

558
00:20:16,470 --> 00:20:15,200
slight change but it is minimal compared

559
00:20:18,710 --> 00:20:16,480
to what you would experience in an

560
00:20:21,750 --> 00:20:18,720
airplane or what you would experience

561
00:20:24,230 --> 00:20:21,760
driving up into the mountains so

562
00:20:26,149 --> 00:20:24,240
not a change because the the idea is

563
00:20:29,590 --> 00:20:26,159
that as you um

564
00:20:31,510 --> 00:20:29,600
as you go up and and decrease the air

565
00:20:33,350 --> 00:20:31,520
pressure on the outside of the vehicle

566
00:20:34,710 --> 00:20:33,360
you have

567
00:20:37,270 --> 00:20:34,720
the vehicle has to

568
00:20:38,630 --> 00:20:37,280
maintain the pressure inside

569
00:20:41,270 --> 00:20:38,640
very well i mean you don't want any

570
00:20:42,630 --> 00:20:41,280
leaks out and you don't wouldn't want it

571
00:20:44,870 --> 00:20:42,640
to burst because it would be higher

572
00:20:46,549 --> 00:20:44,880
pressure inside it would burst out so

573
00:20:49,669 --> 00:20:46,559
we've designed our aircraft so that it

574
00:20:52,070 --> 00:20:49,679
maintains about 14.7 psi which is

575
00:20:53,590 --> 00:20:52,080
roughly equal to what seed pressure is

576
00:20:55,590 --> 00:20:53,600
so you have a little bit less air

577
00:20:57,750 --> 00:20:55,600
pressure in idaho because you're up

578
00:20:59,669 --> 00:20:57,760
higher in altitude but

579
00:21:01,270 --> 00:20:59,679
that is that's what we maintain within

580
00:21:05,029 --> 00:21:01,280
our spacecraft and the same with the

581
00:21:13,029 --> 00:21:05,039
space station it's roughly 14.7 yeah

582
00:21:18,230 --> 00:21:15,590
in in mission control

583
00:21:20,470 --> 00:21:18,240
how many different jobs are there

584
00:21:22,149 --> 00:21:20,480
oh that is a great question

585
00:21:23,669 --> 00:21:22,159
um like josh was saying we're counting

586
00:21:24,950 --> 00:21:23,679
hang on there's

587
00:21:27,430 --> 00:21:24,960
more looking around there's probably

588
00:21:29,350 --> 00:21:27,440
there's about 20 people yeah right now

589
00:21:32,390 --> 00:21:29,360
that we have all sorts of jobs from the

590
00:21:34,149 --> 00:21:32,400
flight controller and flight director

591
00:21:36,950 --> 00:21:34,159
who's in charge of everyone and is

592
00:21:39,029 --> 00:21:36,960
overseeing to the person who talks with

593
00:21:41,270 --> 00:21:39,039
the crew members that's the cap capcom

594
00:21:43,190 --> 00:21:41,280
capsule communicator um and then we have

595
00:21:45,590 --> 00:21:43,200
people who are looking at trajectory

596
00:21:48,230 --> 00:21:45,600
people that are maintaining the life

597
00:21:52,149 --> 00:21:48,240
support systems the thermal systems uh

598
00:21:54,789 --> 00:21:52,159
the computers the daily calendar

599
00:21:57,830 --> 00:21:54,799
the public outreach all these different

600
00:21:59,830 --> 00:21:57,840
jobs in mission control all working as a

601
00:22:00,789 --> 00:21:59,840
team there's flight doctors there's and

602
00:22:02,470 --> 00:22:00,799
there's a there's an interesting

603
00:22:03,830 --> 00:22:02,480
position called ground control or dc

604
00:22:05,430 --> 00:22:03,840
which is uh here in the back of the room

605
00:22:07,190 --> 00:22:05,440
and the shuttle room is up at the front

606
00:22:08,549 --> 00:22:07,200
but those guys run the entire mission

607
00:22:09,909 --> 00:22:08,559
control center and they've got more

608
00:22:11,510 --> 00:22:09,919
computer screens over there than i've

609
00:22:13,990 --> 00:22:11,520
ever seen in my life i mean these guys

610
00:22:16,149 --> 00:22:14,000
know how to run every exactly piece of

611
00:22:17,669 --> 00:22:16,159
system in this entire building every

612
00:22:19,190 --> 00:22:17,679
mile of a wire that we have here so

613
00:22:20,230 --> 00:22:19,200
they've got a pretty pretty tough job

614
00:22:21,350 --> 00:22:20,240
they're also the ones that actually help

615
00:22:22,870 --> 00:22:21,360
us communicate

616
00:22:25,029 --> 00:22:22,880
with the space station and the shuttle

617
00:22:27,750 --> 00:22:25,039
back in the day so it's uh there's it

618
00:22:29,510 --> 00:22:27,760
takes it takes a big and wide and

619
00:22:36,230 --> 00:22:29,520
a pretty big variety of people to uh to

620
00:22:36,240 --> 00:22:48,390
okay

621
00:22:52,830 --> 00:22:50,549
in your time and space what seems to be

622
00:22:55,750 --> 00:22:52,840
the longest

623
00:22:58,470 --> 00:22:55,760
job uh while i was up in space i was

624
00:23:00,870 --> 00:22:58,480
just there for about 15 days and the job

625
00:23:03,590 --> 00:23:00,880
that i did the most was um to actually

626
00:23:05,990 --> 00:23:03,600
be a mover we brought up six tons of

627
00:23:08,549 --> 00:23:06,000
equipment and we needed to move

628
00:23:10,630 --> 00:23:08,559
that all out of um basically this big

629
00:23:14,230 --> 00:23:10,640
u-haul vehicle called the multi-purpose

630
00:23:15,990 --> 00:23:14,240
logistics module and uh get that out and

631
00:23:18,630 --> 00:23:16,000
get it onto station and then we had to

632
00:23:21,430 --> 00:23:18,640
return trash and equipment and so we

633
00:23:23,669 --> 00:23:21,440
repacked so most of my time was as a

634
00:23:26,310 --> 00:23:23,679
mover the other significant portion of

635
00:23:28,710 --> 00:23:26,320
my time was as a as the choreographer

636
00:23:29,430 --> 00:23:28,720
inside of the spacewalk so i talked to

637
00:23:32,470 --> 00:23:29,440
the

638
00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:32,480
um to rick mastracchio and clay anderson

639
00:23:35,270 --> 00:23:33,840
as they were doing their spacewalks the

640
00:23:37,350 --> 00:23:35,280
whole time so it was a lot of talking

641
00:23:39,750 --> 00:23:37,360
that was three days about six and a half

642
00:23:41,110 --> 00:23:39,760
to seven hours of talking telling them

643
00:23:42,710 --> 00:23:41,120
about the bolts they were going to be

644
00:23:44,390 --> 00:23:42,720
turning about

645
00:23:45,990 --> 00:23:44,400
where their next

646
00:23:47,669 --> 00:23:46,000
move was going to be where the robotic

647
00:23:49,830 --> 00:23:47,679
arm was going to pick up an ammonia tank

648
00:23:51,990 --> 00:23:49,840
where it was going to drop it off etc so

649
00:23:54,789 --> 00:23:52,000
that was my next job and then my final

650
00:23:56,950 --> 00:23:54,799
big job was as the flight engineer but

651
00:23:58,789 --> 00:23:56,960
that was just on launch and entry so

652
00:23:59,909 --> 00:23:58,799
that was just kind of a small job she

653
00:24:01,510 --> 00:23:59,919
got to sit up on the flight deck and

654
00:24:03,350 --> 00:24:01,520
actually see out the windows so she had

655
00:24:05,990 --> 00:24:03,360
a cool job

656
00:24:09,669 --> 00:24:08,149
ryan um when you're in space how much

657
00:24:10,870 --> 00:24:09,679
sleep you get

658
00:24:12,549 --> 00:24:10,880
when you're in space how much sleep do

659
00:24:14,149 --> 00:24:12,559
you get well we can actually get just as

660
00:24:17,029 --> 00:24:14,159
much sleep here on the ground and i

661
00:24:18,950 --> 00:24:17,039
slept really well in space um i didn't

662
00:24:21,430 --> 00:24:18,960
usually here on earth i try to get about

663
00:24:22,789 --> 00:24:21,440
eight hours of sleep because i exercise

664
00:24:25,029 --> 00:24:22,799
a lot i just kind of need eight hours to

665
00:24:27,430 --> 00:24:25,039
be a happy person um

666
00:24:28,950 --> 00:24:27,440
but in space it didn't seem i think

667
00:24:31,350 --> 00:24:28,960
because you're not having to put as much

668
00:24:33,190 --> 00:24:31,360
resistance since you're not working with

669
00:24:34,549 --> 00:24:33,200
working against gravity the whole time i

670
00:24:36,070 --> 00:24:34,559
didn't need quite as much sleep so i

671
00:24:37,830 --> 00:24:36,080
found about seven hours was actually

672
00:24:39,750 --> 00:24:37,840
really great and the funny thing is when

673
00:24:42,470 --> 00:24:39,760
we sleep in space we sort of look like

674
00:24:44,870 --> 00:24:42,480
zombies because our arms float out in

675
00:24:47,350 --> 00:24:44,880
front of us

676
00:24:48,710 --> 00:24:47,360
but uh but you sleep so well because

677
00:24:50,390 --> 00:24:48,720
you're not

678
00:24:52,390 --> 00:24:50,400
forced onto a bed you're just kind of

679
00:24:53,990 --> 00:24:52,400
floating above it and so you strap

680
00:24:55,669 --> 00:24:54,000
yourself into your sleeping bag

681
00:24:58,310 --> 00:24:55,679
sometimes you stick yourself to the wall

682
00:25:00,390 --> 00:24:58,320
don't you you have to velcro yourself or

683
00:25:02,789 --> 00:25:00,400
in our case we had to use french hooks

684
00:25:05,669 --> 00:25:02,799
and and put ourselves onto the wall

685
00:25:07,750 --> 00:25:05,679
and uh if you want firmness you can put

686
00:25:09,830 --> 00:25:07,760
bungees around you and like really suck

687
00:25:12,830 --> 00:25:09,840
yourself to the wall but i kind of liked

688
00:25:16,070 --> 00:25:12,840
that feeling of floating

689
00:25:19,350 --> 00:25:16,080
so how you sleep in space

690
00:25:21,830 --> 00:25:19,360
oh say it again um

691
00:25:24,470 --> 00:25:21,840
what is going through your mind when you

692
00:25:25,830 --> 00:25:24,480
realize you're up in space and you're

693
00:25:29,430 --> 00:25:25,840
not on your

694
00:25:33,430 --> 00:25:32,070
well i think you definitely realize um

695
00:25:35,750 --> 00:25:33,440
kind of the

696
00:25:37,669 --> 00:25:35,760
precarious position or the

697
00:25:39,510 --> 00:25:37,679
um the position where if something went

698
00:25:41,269 --> 00:25:39,520
wrong you would want to fix it fast

699
00:25:43,590 --> 00:25:41,279
because your vehicle is your life

700
00:25:45,430 --> 00:25:43,600
support it is your only way of staying

701
00:25:47,590 --> 00:25:45,440
alive in space

702
00:25:48,710 --> 00:25:47,600
and so you definitely take care of the

703
00:25:50,950 --> 00:25:48,720
vehicle

704
00:25:53,190 --> 00:25:50,960
and but it was just such a beautiful

705
00:25:55,190 --> 00:25:53,200
experience i mean looking at the earth

706
00:25:56,630 --> 00:25:55,200
and the floating and so

707
00:25:57,750 --> 00:25:56,640
getting used to that floating getting

708
00:25:58,710 --> 00:25:57,760
used to the fact that when you drop

709
00:26:01,110 --> 00:25:58,720
something

710
00:26:03,269 --> 00:26:01,120
it doesn't fall to the ground it floats

711
00:26:05,430 --> 00:26:03,279
somewhere and gets caught up in some fan

712
00:26:07,190 --> 00:26:05,440
or filter or wherever you have to go

713
00:26:08,789 --> 00:26:07,200
find it so that took some getting used

714
00:26:11,990 --> 00:26:08,799
to but

715
00:26:14,149 --> 00:26:12,000
just you really look at uh the beauty of

716
00:26:16,230 --> 00:26:14,159
the earth and just how amazing it is

717
00:26:21,669 --> 00:26:16,240
that you can be in space that that we

718
00:26:21,679 --> 00:26:29,669
is that it

719
00:26:33,510 --> 00:26:32,070
say one more time what was that

720
00:26:35,430 --> 00:26:33,520
what's the most exciting thing that

721
00:26:38,470 --> 00:26:35,440
you've seen while you were in space

722
00:26:40,549 --> 00:26:38,480
the most exciting thing well um

723
00:26:42,549 --> 00:26:40,559
looking back at where my family was

724
00:26:44,710 --> 00:26:42,559
right at the moment so

725
00:26:46,630 --> 00:26:44,720
when uh we could pick out there was one

726
00:26:48,870 --> 00:26:46,640
particular pass i remember early on in

727
00:26:50,549 --> 00:26:48,880
the flight and jim dutton is from uh

728
00:26:53,190 --> 00:26:50,559
oregon so the two of us were looking

729
00:26:56,149 --> 00:26:53,200
through the cupola and

730
00:26:58,630 --> 00:26:56,159
we found crater lake and then we could

731
00:27:00,710 --> 00:26:58,640
find all these places that we had either

732
00:27:02,950 --> 00:27:00,720
lived in or we had family living in and

733
00:27:04,710 --> 00:27:02,960
so we went from the oregon washington

734
00:27:07,029 --> 00:27:04,720
coast all the way across the united

735
00:27:09,269 --> 00:27:07,039
states down to houston and that was it

736
00:27:11,269 --> 00:27:09,279
was just this neat pass and and all

737
00:27:13,110 --> 00:27:11,279
along the way we had people that we knew

738
00:27:15,190 --> 00:27:13,120
or cared about so my parents are in

739
00:27:17,430 --> 00:27:15,200
colorado my husband's family is in the

740
00:27:19,029 --> 00:27:17,440
northwest and my family right now my

741
00:27:21,590 --> 00:27:19,039
husband and daughter are here in houston

742
00:27:23,669 --> 00:27:21,600
so that was a really special special

743
00:27:25,269 --> 00:27:23,679
moment

744
00:27:27,029 --> 00:27:25,279
all right it looks like that's all the

745
00:27:29,190 --> 00:27:27,039
time that we have for questions but i

746
00:27:30,950 --> 00:27:29,200
would like to have you guys say goodbye

747
00:27:32,870 --> 00:27:30,960
to each other so let's start with uh

748
00:27:35,269 --> 00:27:32,880
heritage middle school would you like to

749
00:27:37,590 --> 00:27:35,279
thank our special guests for uh

750
00:27:46,070 --> 00:27:37,600
coming to your school live virtually

751
00:27:46,080 --> 00:27:52,470
great experience you're awesome

752
00:27:55,590 --> 00:27:54,070
and thank you guys too you were really

753
00:27:56,950 --> 00:27:55,600
good you had great questions i enjoyed

754
00:27:58,310 --> 00:27:56,960
this thank you yeah we want to thank you

755
00:27:59,830 --> 00:27:58,320
guys for joining us it's always fun to

756
00:28:00,950 --> 00:27:59,840
talk to you guys so we hope to uh we